Finite element analysis of the soil and foundations of the Al-Kufa Mosque

Abstract The Great Mosque of Kufa, built in 639 CE and located Al-Kufa, Iraq, is considered one the most important mosques Islamic world. Because cracks appeared historical walls Al-Kufa during construction Muslim Bin Aqeel Underpass, values locations bending moment shear force may be useful for wall maintenance. So, this study aims to determine maximum minimum settlement, moment, forces under mosque walls’ foundations. Historical references are used know previous architectures mosque. Also, archaeological investigation reports adopted find out characteristics foundations like their dimensions, depths, materials. Soil soil layer’s properties parameters. For non-mentioned parameters reports, they determined depending on theoretical equations, charts, statistical correlations, models. A model layers, foundations, conducted analyzed using finite element software deformations layers mosque’s brick walls. According analysis, were found minaret near Al-Thuaban gate.